Reflection In Writing - 827 Words

Before this course started I didn’t believe I would become a better writer, but to a certain degree, I have. Since taking this course I have been able to grow and learn as a writer, editor, and creative. I have tried to improve particular aspects of my writing such as paying closer attention to my audience. I have learned writing skills and techniques from The Art of Rhetoric which I applied to my writings. In addition, an important and useful skill that I learned from this class was to start writing early. The next assignment was a working draft; it helped me write down all my thoughts and sources I had found and also determine if my focus was valid and in the right direction. After, having the working draft reviewed, the next drafts were†¦show more content†¦What I didn’t realize is that it lacked proper background information of why my father was coming in and out of my life. I needed to narrow my points down to what I truly wanted to argue. After reading th rough my draft and with the feedback I took a more informative and organized route. I was able to break down my father’s ethos and pathos to display the big impact he has placed in my life. For my Ethnography project, I was able to show my creative side which still required me to put all my ideas in an organized manner. Even though, there was no actual writing involved the imagery that I recorded I had to mean something for the audience. Also, there were specific questions and things that I had to record from my teammates in order to support my thesis. For example, little things that I recorded such as my teammates cheering each other was a detail that supported my thesis. For this reason, it showed how College track athletes do indeed have and need emotional intelligence. Because of their capability to understand the pain their teammate is going through. Thus, helps that teammate during their race because they know they have a whole team behind them. Such details like that helped to create an effective video because the overall product created the purpose of my video. In this project, I learned that it is important to sometimes be an organized creative so that my ideas can flow with one another so my audienceShow MoreRelatedReflection On Writing1796 Words   |  8 PagesNathan West Lang-120 Professor Graves 11/12/2017 Where Am I Now? A Final Reflection Narrative on Writing Writing is difficult. It is difficult to begin, difficult to stop and difficult to plan. However, it is surprisingly satisfying to create something that is entirely your own, made from your mind and a topic. Or at least this how I, as a eighteen year old college student, perceive the act of writing. I don’t write all that much outside of class or for a specific task, but when I do write somethingRead MoreReflection On Writing1017 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout this course, writing 101, I have learned how to improve my writing in many aspects. This course has taught me the correct ways to write a college essay and has helped me get out of old habits that I got away with in high school. When I first found out that we were required to take a writing class I was nervous because I am not the bets writer. For the class, we were required to write down a list of goals that we would work towards through the class to help improve in writing. For me there wasRead MoreReflection On Writ ing1013 Words   |  5 Pagesmy writing 120 class I faced a myriad of difficulties in efforts to complete my writing assignments. Assignments such as: a memoir, rhetorical analysis, and blog were relatively new writing concepts I have not yet explored, and with the completion of each, I must say I have grown as a writer. College courses such as writing 120 are futile to the success of students who wish to grow professionally as writers in whichever field of business he or she may choose to pursue. To conclude my writing 120Read MoreWriting Reflection873 Words   |  4 Pagesmy first semester at the University of Portland, the quality of my writing progressively increased. My English 112 class contained many different activities that contributed to helping me become a better writer. Informal writing assignments, class discussions, peer review sessions and the writing center were just some of the resources available to me that helped progress not only my writing ability but my overa ll reading writing analysis skills as well. Not only did I make new relationships withRead MoreReflection On Writing801 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout this semester I learned a lot about writing essay. Before this course I knew only one style of essay, because in high school, I wrote essay only for Literature classes. In this class I found that writing could be structured in many ways. Moreover, all reading that I have helped me to think critically and analyze all information that I get. A large number of examples in these readings and my own experience in this course introduced me that sometimes people are getting mislead, because ofRead MoreWriting Reflection937 Words   |  4 Pagesintriguing. Although some formal writing processes can be complexed. A writer must learn the importance of understanding the basic fundaments with formatting and structure. Academic writing allows the writer to converse with persuasive ideas to help support their arguments. In saying this, academic writing is very universal, and it can be a resourceful tool to use with many endeavors in life. Coming to Park’s English Composition course 106, I expected to be given one writing assignment per week. As anRead MoreWriting Reflection959 Words   |  4 PagesWhen I first started elementary school I was horrible at writing and speaking English, despite English being my first and only fluent language. I started every sentence with also and I could hardly say my name. I generally looked at my mom to say pronounce it for me. To be fair, though, Xzavior is a hard name for someone in Kindergarten to pronounce. I was so bad that the school had to put me in an extra English class, so that I did not fall too far behind. Sadly, I did not improve quickly andRead MoreA Reflection On My Writing811 Words   |  4 PagesReflection Sayed Aasim Qadri I wasn t looking forward to taking English 4U despite the fact that I am a voracious reader and enjoy engaging in discussions surrounding novels that I have read or currently am reading, but conversely, I absolutely abhorred English due to my experiences in high school. Back then, English was a long list of stylistic devices, poetry analysis, and monotonous written assignments. It seemed that we spent so much time learning how to write analytically that it consequentlyRead MoreReflection Of College Writing1637 Words   |  7 Pagesto undertaking this course, my expertise in writing was not as fine-tuned as it should have been. I had never previously been enrolled in a class specifically tailored to writing-- which was quite clear. Upon reading my past works, it becomes apparent that my writing style consisted of fluff, small words, and inconsistently structured sentences. These problems have, for the most part, been remedied with the coursework I have tackled in College Writing. Rather than long, drawn out papers that takeRead MoreReflection About Writing703 Words   |  3 PagesStarting a paper may be hard but once you start, the writing flows naturally. Taking the first steps and finally sitting down to write something for the first time deserve s that fearless attitude you get whenever you start something new. There are several words to use, beginning with one, will light the fire you need. Everyone must start somewhere. Now, stopping may also be difficult after you finally get started. My prior experiences with writing have been effected by many reasons. One of those reasons

The 1936 Short Story “Snows Of Kilimanjaro” Is One Of The

The 1936 short story â€Å"Snows of Kilimanjaro† is one of the most famous fictional works of Ernest Hemingway and the title short story for his 1961 collection The Snows of Kilimanjaro and Other Stories. He depicts many themes throughout his story including love and war. Love is reflected as an anathema to a fruitful romantic relationship with relationships based on lies flourishing as the ones based on love collapse. Further, war is shown as a vain slaughter of men, led by incompetence and causing great suffering for nothing (Hemingway). A contemporary reader can however not fail to notice that although inadvertently, racism is well entrenched in the work. Further, the author carefully paints the picture of the main character Harry, an†¦show more content†¦In her 1895 novel The Sorrows of Satan, Marie Corelli presents a character who is eerily similar to Harry. The character is an author called Geoffrey, a very talented writer who does not have money to publish. Unf ortunately, when he inherits a fortune and has all the money to publish, his talent disappears and he finds himself unable to even make mediocre literary work (McElrath Robert 77). Similarly, Harry the main character herein is born in a very poor part of Paris and grows up in poverty and misery. He is a very talented writer who gains fame, but not a fortune from writing. His fame, however, enables to meet and fall in love with a wealthy woman, and a wealthier one after that. His marriages and relationships are all based on real love and almost on cue keep ending, but he keeps on getting wealthier with every subsequent relationship (Hemingway). However, the moment Harry became wealthy by his marriages and relationships, his writing creativity was completely eroded. Although he had so much to write about, he could not bring himself to write at all. This either creates the impression that being a good author requires so much effort that one must be desperate to achieve it. It can howe ver, also be argued that there are no talented authors, just individuals who need enough money to try hard enough (McElrath Robert,Show MoreRelatedErnest Hemingway : The Most Celebrated And Most Controversial Writers Of The 20th Century1875 Words   |  8 PagesHemingway: 1899-1961 Ernest Miller Hemingway According to literary scholars was the â€Å"most celebrated and most controversial writers of the 20th century† (Nagel). Hemmingway changed the course of literature due to his easy, often brief and clear short stories, novels, plays and poetry unlike many other writers in his time. Hemingway was noted for his often adventurous lifestyle where he went to places such as Spain, Paris and Zimwambe safaris. However, Hemmingway was a tragic hero due to being unfaithfulRead More hemingway Essay1427 Words   |  6 Pages Ernest Hemingway was an American writer. He was born in 1899 in Oak Park, Illinois. He committed suicide in 1961 in Ketchum, Idaho (Burges 17). Even today Hemingway is one of the most recognized authors in the world. Hemingway’s experiences during World War I are directly shown in many of his works. His general outlook on life is reflected in the adventures of his characters. It is clear that Hemingway had a desire to be part of the wa r even though, due to bad vision he was unable to enlist in theRead More Biography of Ernest Hemingway Essay3737 Words   |  15 Pagesvarious things with resolve, but their interest rarely holds because after the other thing ordinary life is as flat as the taste of wine when the taste buds have been burned off your tongue. (On the Blue Water in Esquire, April 1936) A legendary novelist, short-story writer and essayist Ernest Miller Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899, in the village of Oak Park, Illinois, close to the prairies and woods west of Chicago. His mother Grace Hall had an operatic career before marrying Dr. ClarenceRead More Biography of Ernest Miller Hemingway Essay3798 Words   |  16 PagesBiography of Ernest Miller Hemingway Ernest Miller Hemingway was an American novelist, journalist, writer of short stories, and winner of the 1954 Nobel Prize for literature. He created a distinguished body of prose fiction, much of it based on adventurous life. He was born on July 21, 1899, the second of six children, in Oak Park, Ill., in a house built by his widowed grandfather, Ernest Hall. Oak Park was a Protestant, upper middle class suburb of Chicago. He died on July 2, 1961. EarlyRead MoreErnest Hemingway Essay6491 Words   |  26 Pagesseems to colossal for one man, yet those who knew him say he was a crack shot, an expert amateur boxer, and a considerable military genius. All of these aspects made Hemingway the writer he was, along with his dedication to his craft. His work has hardened into myth, as he has become one of the immortal writers of the twentieth century. Affable with all of his friends, Hemingway had an aura about him that gave him a commanding presence in any room. His personality was one of strength and it showed

The Organization At Common Law Of Director - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: The question that needs analysis in relation to the given study is that whether the common law duties owed by the directors tocompanyalong with the statutory duties as provided by the Corporation Act 2001(Cth) have been violated by Juliette in relation to her actions. Answer: Issue The question that needs analysis in relation to the given study is that whether the common law duties owed by the directors to company along with the statutory duties as provided by the Corporation Act 2001(Cth) have been violated by Juliette in relation to her actions. Rules The directors of a company own a duty to the organization at common law as well as under the provisions of enacted legislations of the parliament. The legislation governing the actions of the directors operating within Australia is the Corporation Act 2001 (Cth) According to the CA section 9 the duties provided by the Act is applicable on the directors and other officers of the company. In addition there is a fiduciary relationship of directors with the company[1]. At common law the duties of the directors include Duty to use the powers for a proper purpose Duty to retaining discretion Duty of acting in good faith towards the companys interest Duty to observe Skill, Care and Diligence in relation to their company Duty of avoiding conflict of interest The statutory duties of directors as provided through the relevant sections of the CA includes Section 180- Duty to observe Skill, Care and Diligence in relation to their company Section 181- Duty of acting in good faith towards the companys interest Section 182- Duty not to use position in an improper manner Section 182- Duty not to use information in an improper manner Section 191-194 Duty to make proper and timely disclosure Section 588G Duty not to indulge in Insolvent trading The directors have a statutory as well as a common law duty to act bona fide and towards a proper purpose for the company under Section 181. This means that when the powers are discharged by the directors it needs to be in good faith, in the best interest and for a proper purpose in relation to the company[2]. The question in relation to this duty had been discussed in the case of Re Smith v Fawcett[3]. In this case it had been ruled by the court the directors owe the duty to the company and the company may directly sue the directors in relation to the breach. The directors must have a genuine belief that they are acting in the best interest of the company. Whether the responsibility has been conducted properly is analyzed in an objective manner by applying the objective test. This means that a reasonable director is placed in the same position and it is analyzed that whether the same course of action would have been taken by him as provided in the case of Darvall v North Sydney Brick Tile Co[4]. The directors of the company have this duty towards the company as a whole as discussed in the case of Piercy Vs Mills Co[5]. The court also analyzes the purpose for which the power has been exercised by the director in order to analyze compliance with the duty as stated by the case of Society v Wheeler [1994] 12 ACLC 67. The directors have the duty to retain discretion in relation to their activity as provided in the case of Thorby v Goldberg [1964] 112 CLR 59. This means that the directors have to retain their discretion in relation to the power provided to them and cannot avoid the duty. They can however delegate their powers to others. In the case of Omnilab Media Pty Ltd v Digital Cimina Network Pty Ltd[6] the director was held liable of diverting a corporate opportunity which belongs to the company. Any director or officer of an organization has to use their power and discharge the responsibilities imposed on them by observing diligence and care which would have been done by a reasonable person if they were the directors of a company in the same situation or occupied the same position and had the same duty as the director in context as stated by the provisions of Section 180(1) of the CA[7]. In the case Re City Equitable Fire Insurance Co Ltd[8] it was provide by the court that there was although there was no finding in relation to the misconduct and negligence in the part of the directors, the court ruled that the directors may not exhibit high degree of diligence and care in relation to their duties, but they have to exhibit standards which a reasonable person would have done in the same situation. In the case of Daniels Ors v Anderson Ors[9] it was held by the court that the directors owe a common law duty of care to the company which is in compliance with the equitable duty of care. It was also ruled that even where the directors possess only a certain area of expertise it is their duty to represent the business more than their mere area of expertise. The business judgment rules as provided in Section 180(2) acts as a form of defence available to the directors of a company in relation to the breach of statutory or common law duties[10]. Harlowe Nominees P/L v Woodside (Lakes Entrance oil Co NL[11] applied the business judgement rule in Australia. The defence can be availed of the decision of the director was made in good faith and towards a proper purpose, they did nit gave any personal interest in the decision, they informed themselves about the decision taken by them and they have a rational belief that the decision taken by them is towards the best interest of the company. In the case of ASIC v Rich[12] it had been ruled by the court that the director who fails to or neglects a certain matter which would safeguard the interest of the company is the not in fact making a business judgement. As stated by Section 183 of the CA a director of the company may not use the information obtained from the other company for the benefit of any third party or himself. Application It has been provided in the given situation that the Sumo Ltd is a company which is registered in Australia and therefore its affairs would be governed by the provisions of the Corporation Act 2001 (Cth) Juliette is one of the directors of the company and therefore would be subjected to the statutory duties and well as the common law duties of directors. The organization wants to expand the business and conducts surveys in relation to whether they should carry on manufacturing of Scottish tartan looking rugs and carpets or countrystyle timber floorings. Juliette has no expertise in relation to both the plans and therefore took little interest in the meeting conducted by the company in relation to the matter. She was busy in some other work and towards the end of the meeting provided a passionate speech in relation to the matter and made a vote in favor of rugs and carpet project. Although she had no knowledge about the matter the board of directors agreed with her as they presumed her to be correct. The board based on her decision ignored the fact there was little research conducted in the feasibility of Scottish tartan rugs and carpets. There are several areas of concern which have been identified in relation to the actions of Juliette. According to the provisions of the Re Smith case Juliette owes a duty to act in the best interest the company which if breached she can be sued by the company Sumo Ltd. Whether Juliette has breached the duty or not would be analyzed in an objective manner through comparing her actions with a reasonable director as per the Darvall case. In the give situation no reasonable director for the best interest and proper purpose of the company would have taken a decision without having herself informed about it appropriately, thus the common law duty of best interest as well as section 181 of the CA have been breached by Juliette. According to the provisions of the Piercy case Juliette has a duty towards Sumo as a whole. In addition it was the duty of Juliette to retain discretion under common law which she did not by not informing herself about the decision individually and thus she has beached this common law duty as per the Thorby case. Juliette had the duty to observe care and diligence towards her responsibilities in relation to the company which would have been done by a reasonable person in her position and the same situation under section 180(1) of the CA. However it is clear that she has not complied with the duty as a reasonable person would never take such a decision which could considerable affect the interest of the company without informing herself about the subject matter of the decision. In addition as per the provisions of Re City Equitable Fire Insurance Co Ltd it was the duty of Juliette to observe a reasonable degree of diligence and care towards her duties which would have been done by a reasonable person which she failed by not informing herself about the decision, not concentrating on the meeting and without any evidence selecting a proposal for the company. In the given situation it has also been provided that Juliette has resigned from Sumo and joined another company belonging to her brother. She used the information from the surveys conducted by Sumo and took a decision to go forward with manufacturing of countrystyle timber floorings. In the given situation she is libel to divert opportunity from her previous company to another as per the principles of Omnilab Media Pty Ltd case. In addition as she has used the information obtained from sumo to benefit the other company and therefore is also liable for the breach of section 183 of the CA. When it comes to defense provided under the business judgment rule as per section 180(2) of the CA it can be stated that Juliette will not be able to take the defense provided by the section. This is because she did not indulge in informed decision making, it can also be argued that she did it to benefit her brothers company and thus had personal interest , the judgment was not in good faith and proper purpose and she did not have rational belief that the decision was in the best interest of the company. Conclusion Therefore it can be concluded that Juliette has violated Duties under section 180(1), 181 and 183 of the CA along with similar duties under common law. Bibliography ASIC v Rich [2009] NSWSC1229 Corporation Act 2001 (Cth) Darvall v North Sydney Brick Tile Co [1989] 16 NSWLR 26. Harlowe Nominees P/L v Woodside (Lakes Entrance oil Co NL [1968] 121 CLR 483 niels Ors v Anderson Ors [1995] 13 ACLC 614 Omnilab Media Pty Ltd v Digital Cimina Network Pty Ltd [2011] FCAFC 166 Piercy Vs Mills Co [1920] 1 Ch 77 Re City Equitable Fire Insurance Co Ltd [1925] Ch 407 Re Smith v Fawcett Ltd [1942] 1 All ER 542 Society v Wheeler [1994] 12 ACLC 67. Thorby v Goldberg [1964] 112 CLR 59 [1] Corporation Act 2001 (Cth) at Section 9 [2] Corporation Act 2001 (Cth) at Section 181 [3] Ltd [1942] 1 All ER 542 [4] [1989] 16 NSWLR 26 [5] [1920] 1 Ch 77 [6] [2011] FCAFC 166 [7] Corporation Act 2001 (Cth) at Section 180(1) [8] [1925] Ch 407 [9] [1995] 13 ACLC 614 [10] Corporation Act 2001 (Cth) at Section 180(2) [11] [1968] 121 CLR 483 [12] [2009] NSWSC1229 [13] Corporation Act 2001 (Cth) at Section 183

Young and Feminine Comportment Essay Example

Young and Feminine Comportment Paper Iris Marion Young- Feminine Comportment The aim of this essay is to evaluate and discuss Iris Marion Young’s account of feminine comportment. Much of her essay is based on theories and ideas expressed in the work of Merleau-Ponty and so to evaluate Young, this essay shall briefly discuss the work of Merleau-Ponty. The essay shall then turn to the overview of Young’s essay. The evaluation of this argument shall be clearly and concisely encapsulated in a short conclusion. The first point that Young concerns herself with is that Erwin Strauss in his study of body comportment takes but a moment to discuss why young girls have the ineffective throwing style that they do. Strauss finds no conclusion as to why young girls awkwardly throw a ball and so puts it down to an â€Å"effeminate essence or feminine attitude†. However attitudes are built through socialization as in the blank paper socialization view- that perhaps seems the most possible if not rational. What is apparent is that attitudes are learnt- not acquired so where would a five year old girl have learnt of her â€Å"feminine essence†? In her own words Young seeks to â€Å"†¦fill a gap that thus exists both in existential phenomenology and feminist theory. † (Young. 1990, p 145) Young seeks to find out how the body completes a definite task and this is done through combining the works of Merleau-Ponty and Beauvoir who both tackle and formulate different ideas concerning movement. Awareness of body is inherent- our bodies have the ability to â€Å"learn† where we are in relation to space. We will write a custom essay sample on Young and Feminine Comportment specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Young and Feminine Comportment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Young and Feminine Comportment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer With practice our bodies can act without cognitive thought, the things that we practice with thus become an extension of ourselves- as with an experienced typist that no longer needs to look at a computers keyboard, Merleau-Ponty likens this to his typewriter where a â€Å"motor space† opens under his hands and he is able to type without thinking about finding the letters. This can be noticed in sports too, for example when a squash player’s racquet is an extension of the body. The player is aware of it, has an idea of where it is in relation to them and employs it as an extension of the body without much thought, in order to hit the ball. The same occurs in many other sports like hockey, competent practice for long enough turns the stick into an extension of the arms, the player is as aware of it as they are of a limb. When a ball is hit dangerously into a player’s body, instead of raising hands to catch it, the stick automatically comes up to block it. This is because the player has trained to do so and now gives the action no thought- it just happens. This could be likened to muscle memory- and even after not touching a stick or riding a bicycle, the person trying to do either would still be able to. This idea that we can so involve our bodies in the world around us should not be strange. Humans are too removed from their surroundings for the most part and this mechanism of acquired body movement should be perfectly natural as after all we control our bodies. Young also mentions Simone de Beauvoir’s study on feminine comportment. The problem with this study according to Young is that Beauvoir focuses on why women have always felt their body a burden- this mostly due to how carrying child and giving birth tends to create a earthy bond to nature that men do not experience. This in part oppresses women- also the fact that men don’t carry children seems to be part of the natural oppression that women feel. However this does not address the issue of â€Å"feminine essence†, as this has to do with a woman’s physiology and not with a mysterious essence. She starts with the basic movements- mapping the differences in stance while walking, standing and sitting and then moves to how things are carried and used in relation to the body. The general findings are that women try to protect themselves from harm; they do not believe themselves physically able to perform heavy tasks like men do. Also their actions reflect an inherent subordinate position in relation to the way men walk, stand and interact with objects. Men and women use their bodies differently according to Young- as if this was not immediately apparent, but to Young the â€Å"why† is what is important. Quite generally Young concedes that women do not feel as comfortable with space as men do, men tend to take a more active view of space, and sport is a good way of measuring this. But surely it is too easy to say that women are more afraid of getting hurt than men are and that they don’t have confidence in their bodily abilities as men do- which Young offers as a two-prong answer to why women are at a base level more uncomfortable with space and actions. She suggests that women do not trust their bodies as men do instead having to fight their bodies to fulfill an action. Young then defines the three modalities of movement that are inhibited by inherent femininity and these are: ambiguous transcendence, inhibited intentionality and discontinuous unity. To explain these terms- ambiguous transcendence is the idea that rather than moving through the body, women are uncomfortable in it, they do not forget that they have a body, rather they are perpetually aware of it, and yet not comfortable with it. Transcendence is when you are one with your body, where your body is entirely you, you don’t even think about it because it is the thing that does all the experiencing. Immanence is when you are aware of something as a thing. The hockey stick thus is immanent to us. Young is saying that for women, their bodies are only partly transcendent. At no time does a woman become lost in an activity and forget she has a body, she doesn’t connect to the action through the body. She is always aware of the body as an object. She says that the fact that in, for example, throwing, women only move part of their bodies (just the arm, say) shows that the unmoving part is still an object for them. To describe inhibited intentionality, think that rather than your body reaching forward to get something, you hesitate. Intentionality is involved with how directly one intends to do something. Young here is interpreting Merleau-Pontys idea that people exhibit intentionality in their movement. Men have an excellent sense of intentionality while that of women is not as developed or is hindered by many factors. Discontinuous unity has got to do with the surroundings of the body. Young describes how women isolate muscles and muscle groups in order to get a task done. This is not productive by any stretch as women don’t use the major muscle groups to bear the weight. She also advocates the idea that women see themselves as objects within the situation. This is based somewhat on what Merleau-Ponty says about the unification of the body and the action, for Young it is possible that his experience is simply due to him being a man. This indeed would make his interaction with the world different from hers. Thus simple tasks, if Merleau-Ponty is correct would require a woman to do both the task at hand and also fight her body- or compel it into doing the task. â€Å"Woman takes herself to be the object of the motion rather than its originator† (Young. 1990, p150). Also it must be noted that Young takes the view that women see an object as coming at them not towards them, the idea of catching for instance must then difficult. The idea of the object coming at them must be conquered in order that the object can be caught. This adds another dimension to a simple act, as the body must be coaxed into doing such a seemingly simple task. To sum up the implications of this are easy- Young postulates that women experience a sense of inherent otherness concerning their own bodies. As to Young’s use of Merleau-Ponty’s work, she uses his work in her discussion of modality, which she summarizes into three points. Albeit these three points deal apparently with the same concept and seem to have almost the same premises and conclusion. The first relates that Merleau-Ponty makes a distinction between the types of space that a human can experience. The different ideas of space for him arise due to a man or woman’s relation to that space, from this, Young surmises that feminine space is different to that of males in that women find space enclosing and find themselves positioned in space- this must mean that men find themselves surrounded by space but not positioned in it- rather it around them. Merleau-Ponty finds that â€Å"here† and â€Å"there† to men are one and the same- as I would also have thought- being male- the view of men is that â€Å"here† and â€Å"there† are the same- joined by their bodies. Feminine spatiality again is not the same as it assumes the view that â€Å"there† is different from â€Å"here†- Young labels this double spatiality (Young, 1990, p152). The third point starts with the idea that women find themselves positioned in space. For Merleau-Ponty the world is made up of objects and objects require space, the body is not the object but the mechanism by which space can be measured. This cannot be so for women if they are positioned in space. Young sets out to propose that feminine bodily comportment is a complex issue and that it has nothing to do with a â€Å"feminine essence† as Strauss wanted to believe. Instead for Young- and her study does lead one to the conclusion that- the modalities of female bodily comportment are in fact due to the oppression of women by men since time immemorial. This has nothing to do with the anatomy and physiology of the female form, instead with the â€Å"situation† of women in society as Young calls it. Women have always been objectified- to the extent that this objectification is part of what it means in this contemporary world to be a woman. When a young girl sees how women walk and act- something that they in turn did occurs- she imitates their stance and behavior. This can be seen in the case of â€Å"tom-boys†, they are more likely to succeed at sport and they are generally stronger and more aware of space as they prefer the idea of being men when they are young. In conclusion, the work of Merleau-Ponty is compelling and intuitive- perhaps as I am a male- in all it is very concise, cogent and easy to understand. The ideas and insights that Young shares on how women view their bodies and space also seems clear and cogent. However the way that she uses Merleau-Ponty’s work to give contrast to her work is excellent. The usage of the three points that were in contrast to Merleau-Ponty’s study might perhaps have seemed repetitive but in fact they deal with miniscule differences that are seemingly unimportant until a further observation. In all this is a well written and intelligent argument or set of theories. The coup de grace is that as a male one cannot but blindly disagree- as one has no knowledge of what it is like to be a woman, or one must blindly agree as what is said about the way women relate to space does make sense. The idea that the way women walk, carry and hold things too is easy to agree with, there is no doubt that women have been oppressed and objectified throughout history and this could very likely have changed their views on space and the body- as opposed to the views of men. From a male point it would be more rational and politically correct to agree with Young. Words: 2052 List of Reference 1. Maurice Merleau-Ponty, 1962, Phenomenology of Perception, Routledge, London. 2. Iris Marion Young, 1990, Throwing Like a Girl and Other Essays in Feminist Philosophy and Social Theory, Indiana University Press, Bloomington