Ten Most Common Trees in the United States

A United States Forest Service report called the Checklist of Native and Naturalized Trees suggests that there may be more than 865 different species of trees in the United States. Here are the 10 most commonplace native trees in the United States, based on several Federal surveys of tree species stem count, and are listed here in order of estimated numbers of trees by species: Red Maple or  (Acer rubrum)   Red maple is the most common tree in North America and lives in diverse climates and habitats, mainly in the eastern United States.  Acer rubrum  is a prolific seeder and readily sprouts from the stump which makes it ubiquitous  in both the  forest and in the urban landscape. Loblolly Pine or  (Pinus taeda)   Also called bull pine and old-field pine, Pinus taeda is the most widely planted pine tree in the eastern coastal states. Its natural range stretches  from east Texas to the pine barrens of New Jersey and is the dominant pine tree harvested for paper and solid wood produces. Sweetgum or  (Liquidambar styraciflua)   Sweetgum is one of the most aggressive pioneer  tree species and quickly takes over abandoned fields and unmanaged cut-over forests. Like red maple, it will comfortably grow on many sites including wetlands, dry uplands and hill country up to 2,600. It is sometimes planted as an ornamental but out of favor because of the spiky fruit that collects underfoot in the landscape. Douglas Fir or  (Pseudotsuga menziesii)   This tall fir of the North American west is only surpassed in height by the redwood. It can grow on both moist and dry sites and covers coastal and mountain slopes from 0 to 11,000. Several varieties of  Pseudotsuga menziesii, including the coastal Douglas fir of the Cascade Mountains and the Rocky Mountain Douglas fir of the Rockies. Quaking Aspen or  (Populus tremuloides)   Although not as numerous in stem count as red maple,  Populus tremuloides is the most widely distributed tree in North America spanning the entire northern portion of the continent. It is also called a keystone tree species because of its importance in diverse forest ecosystems within its large range. Sugar Maple  or (Acer saccharum)   Acer saccharum  is often called the star of eastern North Americas autumn foliage show and very common in the region. Its leaf shape is the emblem of the  Dominion of  Canada and the tree is the staple of  the Northeast maple syrup industry.   Balsam Fir  (Abies balsamea)   Like quaking aspen and with a similar range, balsam fir is the most widely distributed fir  in North America and the primary component of the Canadian boreal forest.  Abies balsamea  thrives on moist, acid and organic soils in swamps and on mountains to 5,600. Flowering Dogwood  (Cornus florida)   Flowering dogwood is one of the most common understory  hardwoods you will see in both hardwood and coniferous forests in eastern North America. It is also one of the most common of small trees in the urban landscape. It will grow from sea level to nearly 5,000. Lodgepole Pine  (Pinus contorta)   This pine is in abundance, particularly in western Canada and the Pacific Northwestern portion of the United States. Pinus contorta is prolific throughout the Cascades, Sierra Nevada and extends to southern California. It is a pine tree of the mountains and grows to an elevation of 11,000 feet. White Oak  (Quercus alba)   Quercus alba can grow on the most fertile of bottomlands to the most sterile of mountain slopes. White oak is a survivor and grows in a wide range of habitats. It is an oak that inhabits coastal forests to the woodlands along the mid-western prairie region.

The Keppel Corporation - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 1953 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Level High school Did you like this example? 1. Introduction 1.1 Objective of the assignment 1.2 Structure of assignment 2. Background of the assignment The assignment is based on the research of Keppel Corporation. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Keppel Corporation" essay for you Create order Keppel Corporation is one of the largest conglomerates in Singapore and one of the worlds largest builders of offshore oilrigs. The Keppel Group of Companies includes Keppel Offshore Marine, Keppel Infrastructure, Keppel Telecommunications Transportation (Keppel TT) and Keppel Land, among others. 3. Concept of Shareholder Value Maximisation 3.1 Concepts: In recent years, shareholder values creation becomes a very popular topic among top management. They think through creating shareholder value strategy, companies can gain large profits from it. But many of them misunderstand this concept. Shareholder value maximization is a kind of strategy for a long-term business operation. Totally different from maximizing profit, shareholder value maximization focus on identifying growth opportunities and building competitive advantage. So shareholder value maximization punishes short-term strategies that destroy assets and fail to capitalize on the companys core capabilities. There was a version of definition to define the shareholder value that the value delivered to shareholders because of managements ability to grow earnings, dividends and share price. In other words, shareholder value is the sum of all strategic decisions that affect the firms ability to efficiently increase the amount of free cash flow over time. Theo Vermaelen, Professor of Finance at INSEAD argued that shareholder value is defined as the present value of free cash flows from now until infinity, discounted at a rate that reflects the risks of these cash flows, therefore, maximizing shareholder value is not the same thing as maximizing short-term profits, earnings per share or manipulating stock prices through accounting fraud. This is a mainstream opinion for most of experts in the world. But these arguments mostly concentrate more on what will shareholder value maximization bring to us? They ignore the definition on the premise of who are shareholders. Many writers also have p ointed out that a company has social and environmental responsibilities and that shareholders are not the only stakeholders in the business. These experts argued that some groups outside of stakeholders are also having long-term interests and relationships with a company. These are groups that mentioned as employees, customers, managers, suppliers and community. As we listed, almost all kinds of people relate to a company impact share price. So in that case, in the long term, shareholder value is the best strategy for all stakeholders. But it depends on the way managers create shareholder value. On the other hand, all shareholders are also very vulnerable in a short-run business due to a non-sustainable resources control. But in practice, managers who insist shareholder value maximization are always over-concentrated on the words of maximization. Sometimes, when ethical problem were met, some managers even know what is wrong to social responsibility, they have to make more pro fits for stakeholders. And in businesses, entrepreneurs commonly consider this term as: managers try to gain the maximized profits to increase their companies share price by whatever ways can be done. And this version of definition is totally negative to compare with experts theoretical argument. 3.2 Advantages: The opinion of shareholder wealth is tightly linked to the opinion of continued business expansion and profits. There are three advantages of maximization of shareholder wealth. Long-term Development Economists such as Bartley Madden and James Owens think of the maximization of shareholder wealth to be the natural result of profitable business activities. These are similar to capital expansion. These two specialists differ on this as the objective of all business, but the general opinion is that such expansion is what makes stockholders happy. This results in loyal stockholders, devoted board members and the endless increase in share value. The media attention of such performance generated can enhance the public reputation of any firm. Except maintaining happy shareholders and obtaining a powerful reputation, maximizing shareholder value has many advantages. It is very obvious that continuing profits, reinvestment and expansion make everyone happy. To Managers, salaries and reputations increase; to salesmen, commissions rise; to governments, more tax funds and more people are being hired to be staff at the expanding firm. These are all the segments of the advantage of long-term development of the firm. Employee Benefit There are situations in which a share increases when a company declares plan to fire employees, but observed over time this is the exception rather than the regulation. Generally, companies successfully increase share prices with growing and adding more employees, therefore benefiting society. Notice that many governments around the world, including U.S. federal and state governments, are privatizing some of their st ate-owned activities through selling these operations to stakeholders. Probably not surprisingly, the sales and cash flows of lately privatized companies generally enhance. In addition, studies show that these recently privatized companies have a trend to increase and therefore need more employees when they are managed with the objective to maximize share price. Social Contribution The owners of share are society to a large extent. More than seventy years ago, this was not correct, because most stock ownership was concentrated in a relatively small part of society, including the richest individuals. Since then, there has been explosive growth in pension funds, life insurance companies, and mutual funds. These organizations now own more than 60% of all shares, which indicates that most people have an indirect stake in the stock market. Furthermore, compare with only 32.5% of all U.S households own stock directly in 1989, now ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s more than 50% of that. Hence , most social members now have a significant stake in the stock market, no matter directly or indirectly. Thus, when a manager behaves to maximize the share price, this promotes the quality of life for millions of the general public. If a firm is continually growing, investing and expanding, everyone benefits. The concentration of corporations on maximizing shareholder wealth also potentially has several negative consequences. 3.3 Disadvantages The concentration of corporations on maximizing shareholder wealth also potentially has several negative consequences. Difficulties in Operation There are two basic and relevant criticisms of the maximizing shareholder wealth. One criticism is that it does not give staff enough incentive to realize high performance. The other is that it is difficult in operation it doesnt give employees and managers a guidance of what to do at an actual level. There are some reasons why shareholder value objective may not be desire. First of all, normally few of the employees are also members of shareholders. Secondly, the direct connection between their own specific occupations and the share prices of the company they cannot see. Thirdly, share prices often move because of macroeconomic elements and market drive uncorrelated to the administrative performance. Bad Business Practices One potential disadvantage of corporations to focus on maximizing shareholder wealth is that it can cause terrible or unsustainable business practices. Some managers misguide investors on purpose for making their firms appear more valuable than they truly are. Sometimes these behaviors are lawless, like those by the senior executives at Enron. Sometimes the actions are lawful, but they are taken to promote the current market price higher than its basic price in the short term. For example, introducing to the global crisis which start in the late 2000s, many financial organizations in the U.S. gave mortgages to borrowers, even they had po or credit in the expectations of making as much gain as possible. However these practices may have generated short-term profits, the consequent plenty of defaults and foreclosures finally caused banks to undertake enormous losses. In some situations, businesses participate in illegal or immoral activities, such as tampering financial information for enhancing shareholder wealth. Overmuch concentrate on shareholder wealth is generally utilized as an element that led to the recession that began in late 2007, which so called the Global Financial Crisis. 4. Company valuation over the past 5 years: In order to assess whether Keppel Corporation has delivered shareholder value over the past 5 years, it is based on a companys ability to generate cash flow now and future. By using three methods below, it will be estimated and explain clearly. 4.1: Net asset value The Net Asset Value is a calculation that determines the price of a share in a mutual fund. Stock prices change within minutes, sometimes-even seconds. The reason why we calculate NAV is that mutual fund of NPV is adjusted at the close of each business day, making it much easier for investors and brokers to track. Calculated as: NAV = Total Assets Total Liabilities 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Fixed asset 5,890 5,430 5,120 4,080 559 Current asset 985,367 1,785,666 2,024,337 2,286,081 2,818,524 Current liability 712,205 425,017 415,421 504,160 542,175 Non current liability 305,608 5,377 504,934 504,936 1,504,932 Net asset value (26,556) 1,360,702 1,109,102 1,281,065 771,976 The net asset value of Keppel Corporation from 2008 to 2012 4.2: Price earning multiple The second method is Price-earning multiple. It is a valuation ratio of a companys current share price compared to its per-share earnings. The P/E shows the relationship between the stock price and the firms earnings, and it is the most popular metric of stock analysis. Calculated as: P/E = Market per share Earning per share Average closing stock (Market price) EPS P/E ratio 2008 4.32 0.72 6.0 2009 8.26 0.70 11.8 2010 11.322 1.02 11.10 2011 7.735 0.91 8.50 2012 11.50 1.25 9.20 (https://www.dividendsranking.com/Keppel-Corp-dividend-yield.html) The price earning per share of Keppel Corporation has a fluctuation trend. However, there is an upward movement during 2008 to 2012 from 6.0 to 9.20. It increases 3.20. The fluctuation of the price earning per share may be due to the number changes of price per share and earning per share of each year. The price earning per share grows up dramatically at this time is from 2008 to 2009, which is 5.8. In contrast, the earing per share decreases from 0.72 to 0.70. To gain this significant increase, the price per share of Keppel Corporation also increases. On the next year, there is an increase slightly, which is 0.02. A higher price-earning ratio indicates that the market is more willing to pay for the earning of the company. It also suggests that investors are expecting higher earning increase in the future, and how fast company will recover its current share price per earning. It shows a good growth potential. On the contrary, the price earning per share slumps down from 11.10 (2010) to 8.50 (2011) before turning increase to 9.20 in 2012. The table above shows that there is a decrease from 1.02 (2010) to 0.91 (2011) so that, the price per share of firm also go down. The market doesnt have much confidence in the future of share at this time. 4.3: Discounted cash flow: The discounted cash flow is a quantification method, which is used to assess the attractiveness of an investment chances. The Discounted Cash Flow analysis involves the use of future free cash flow protrusions and discounts them. Hence, it is to approach the net present value that is used to calculate the potential for investment. The free cash flow indicates that the cash left in the firm after paying all operating and mandatory expenditures such as interest, tax payment and investment expenses. With free cash flow, a firm is allowed to pursue chances that enhance shareholder value, develop new products, and pay sharehold ers. Free cash flow is calculated as: Operating profit + Depreciation Interest Taxes 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Operating profit 1,238,474 1,504,791 1,756,494 2,824,344 2,621,175 Depreciation 139,078 174,313 188,633 208,571 210,512 Interest 78,671 49,675 64,701 98,230 134,933 Taxes 288,030 347,875 580,632 443,574 500,619 Investment Expenditure 563,076 1,221,440 1,266,045 1,561,196 1,323,241 Free cash flow 447,775 60,114 33,749 929,915 872,894 From the result of free cash flow with the assumption of rate of return is 9%, which is depended on the average closing stock during 5 years; the discounted cash flow is calculated as: FCF1 Vo= The opportunity is considered to be a good one if the value reached at through the discounted cash flow analysis is greater than the current cost of investment. 4.4: Discussion of the Findings (compare with market) 5. Conclusion: References: https://www.dividendsranking.com/Keppel-Corp-dividend-yield.html Peter Doyle, 2nd edition, Value-based Marketing: Marketing Strategies for Corporate Growth and Shareholder Value.; 2008, Published by John Wiley Sons, Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, West Sussex, England. Theo Vermaelen, Maximising shareholder value: an ethical responsibility?; December 26, 2008 ¼Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢www.insead.edu ¼Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢available at ¼Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¡ https://knowledge.insead.edu/csr/ethics/maximising-shareholder-value-an-ethical-responsibility-1840.

Earth and Its Geological Activities Essay Example

Essays on Earth and Its Geological Activities Essay The paper "Earth and It's Geological Activities" is a worthy example of an essay on environmental studies. Earth is the only known planet so far which is geologically and biologically active. The earth’s geological and biological activities are due to two energy sources, the external solar energy and the internal energy from the earth’s molten core. Since solar energy is available in all the planets, why earth alone has geological activities? This question seems to be a difficult one for the scientific world. â€Å"Some measure of the time involved for a planet the size of the earth to cool by convection is that the earth has been geologically active for over 4 billion years, and will probably take another 4-5 billion years to lose all its heat -and become a dead planet† (The Heat History of Earth) â€Å"All of the geological activity on the earth today is driven from this initial source of heat at the formation of the earth, aided and abetted by continued radioactive decay of elements in the interior of the earth.† (The Heat History of Earth) Radioactive decay of elements such as Uranium, Radium etc can cause earth’s geological activities, but the major reason for earth’s geological activities is the molten core formed at the creation of earth.A planetary body can lose its internal heat energy through several ways like a volcanic eruption, earthquakes, etc. Another way of energy liberation is through conduction, convection, and radiation. The figures given below show some of the energy liberation activities.(The Heat History of Earth)ConclusionsGeological activities of the earth have started at the time of its creation. The liberation of heat from the inner molten core is accomplished by conduction, convection, and radiation. Earthquakes, tidal waves, volc anic eruptions are the ways through which earth liberates its energy. Earth’s geological activities one way or other connected to the biological activities on earth.

Lack Of Employee Motivation Due To High Stress Level †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Lack Of Employee Motivation Due To High Stress Level. Answer: Introduction The element of employee motivation is believed to have direct impact upon the performance within an organization. With high levels of motivation that are managed by the employees, there seems to have direct impact on to the capability of individual employees on their ability to work under stress. As most of the modern days business organizations are dependent upon high level of employee performance, employees have to deal with high levels of challenges that often create the environment of stress. High stress level also seems to have direct impact on the personal life of an employee. The higher level of stress seems to generate psychological and behavioral misbalance within an individual, thereby increasing the risks of mental disease. As the employee is not able to provide the expected level of performance due to stress, it is not possible to generate higher levels of motivation (Sonnentag and Fritz 2015). In the given context the aim of the current project is to explore the stress related problems at various workplaces, which ultimately leads to lower and poor quality of performance. The research will use definite protocols that are needed to collect relevant information and analyze the causes of stress within the workplace environment. Objectives To explore the cause of high level of stress at workplaces To explore the cause of low motivation levels due to high stress levels To recommend the ways that are needed to deal with high levels of stress and improve motivation levels Research Questions What are the causes of high level of stress at different work places? How high level of stress can lower the employee motivation levels? What are the recommendations that are needed to deal with high levels of stress and improve motivation level? Literature Review Hindrance and Saturation are often the cause of job stress According to the work of Wood and Michaelides (2016), high levels demand in the job profile is highly common in all globalized corporation of todays world. The model of job demand control support model has been used to identify the cause stress. The model explains with the fact that in order to reduce the overall expenditure of an organization. This generates extra work load on the limited number of existing workers within an organization. Sawhney et al. (2017), have added about the elements of crisis in the labor market, which enforces many organizations to recruit workers at much lower pay scale. Hence, there is a high level of gap between the demand and supply of skilled workers. This is believed to be one of the major hindrances in providing high quality performance. Moreover, as the existing workforces are often burdened with high levels of pressure, there is high level of risk job saturation. As the HR policies are not modified in many multinational workforces, there are high l evels of risk of employee saturation. This is mostly due to the fact that new skills are not incorporated within the employees that are required to deal with the new business demands within the workforce. Understanding the cause of employee situation is highly crucial in the given context.Human resource management of an organization needs to understand the potential of every employee in order to get the best level of performance according to their capability. As the demand levels of the skills within the workforce are increasing, the employees are not able to improve upon their skills to deal with the challenges of excessive work pressure. The saturation level within the workforce is dependent demand levels of the market. With high levels of competitor demand within the market, most of the business organizations are forced to focus upon the customer base service. Nevertheless, if an industry becomes saturated, the workforces under the marketing jobs are often de-motivated due to the limited growth opportunity. This is mainly due to the lack of innovative opportunity that is responsible for lack of career growth opportunity (De Gieter et al. 2017). Relation Between emotional intelligence and job stress Wan et al. (2014), have highlighted the elements of emotional intelligence that is considered to be highly essential for dealing with the issues of job stress. The emotional aspects of an individual can vary greatly depending upon the workplace environment. Other than the income levels and other salary related parameters, the mental satisfaction of an individual plays a significant role in the matters of dealing with the job stress. Few of the essential elements of mental satisfaction include that of self-esteem level of the employees, social bonding level of the employees along with the self-competence levels. Hence, with high level of social bonding with the workplace employees, it is possible to deal with the issues of high stress level. The matter of emotional intelligence will have major impact that will be necessary in the given context. Karimi et al. (2014), have mentioned about the fact that higher levels of job stress can be dealt with the elements of healthy job place environment. In most of the cases, it is important to ensure that the physical illness and high level of stress can be dealt with healthy workplace environment. It is also the duty of thehuman resource management to imply the protocol that can help to deal with the mental and emotional issues within the workplace. The employees having higher levels of emotional intelligence are believed to have ability of dealing with high levels of job stress. Large scale multinational organizations often suppose to have facility to provide the training of improving the emotional intelligence level of the employees. This can be achieved by holding regular discussion and meeting session within the employees. This can provide the opportunity to the employees to de velop upon the interpersonal relationship with their colleagues. Short-term training program can also be given to the employees about the mental and psychological strategies that can be implemented to deal with high job stress levels. Yamani et al. (2014), have mentioned about the five major components of emotional intelligence that can be implemented by the workforce. The primary element in the given context consists that of self-awareness. Here, the employees need to have the ability to identify their individual strengths and weaknesses. This can therefore help the employee to perform upon their individual capability with higher quality and self-confidence. Higher level of self-awareness can help the employees to have the ability to realize the current situation and act accordingly. There are also the elements of self-regulation that are needed for controlling the disruptive behavior. It is quite often that an employee is not able to control their internal emotional feelings during the time of facing high level of stress. With the ability of self-regulation, it is possible for an individual to gain the trust level of the employees. This is followed by the element of internal motivation, where an employee has to look for external rewards. This can be the major source of motivation of all employees as they are able to get proper forms of respect that are needed for the same. The success of every employee also depends upon their ability to understand and co-ordinate with the co-workers. With the element of empathy it is possible for an individual to understand the need and challenges encountered by their co-workers. This element is highly essential in culturally diverse workplace. With high level of empathy it is possible to deal with the communication gap that exists between employees of different culture. Final accounts the element of social skills, which can help to develop interpersonal relationship between workers of an organization. Few of the major hallmarks of effective social skills include ability to motivate other employees and share high level of expertise to the workers. Effect of leadership on employee stress and burnout With frequent changes that occurred in the style of working across various industries, the role of organizational leaders play a significant role in deciding upon the adaptive ability of the leaders. Harms et al. (2017), have mentioned about the importance of transformational leadership that are highly required in the given context. Providing proper information to every employee within the organization is considered to be the primary role of the leader. This can help every employee to deal with the challenge of organizational change that is considered to be the major cause of occupational stress. The level of occupational stress is considered to be directly proportional to the inability of an employee to adapt with organizational change. It is also dependent upon the risk factors that are associated in job profile of every industry. Lack of accomplishment at workplace and less participation in decision making process can also lower the self-motivation level of an employee. It is the duty of an effective leader to deal with the overall challenge of maintaining equality within the workplace and ensure participation of every worker before implementation of the essential decisions. Burnout is considered to be the extreme effect of occupational stress that is caused due to long term neglection. This is mainly common in hectic job profile like the Healthcare sector and disastermanagement industry. As the workers not only have to deal with high level of stress, additional health risk that are involved in the job profile can cause the burnout type of experience. Research Methodology The section of research methodology provides guidelines and protocol to the investigators that need to be followed in order to collect essential information relevant to the project (Panneerselvam 2014). This will be later analyzed using the particular methods of data analysis. The investigators need to choose the research methods depending upon the requirement of particular project. The types of data that are collected also depend on the process research methods. The following section will provide the detail description of the types of research strategies that can be chosen by the researchers (Neuman and Robson 2014). The justification for choosing each particular type of method for the research work of job stress and motivation will also be given in the particular section. The overall systematic plan of the project can also be included in the research methodology section that will highlight upon the protocol. It will also provide the ethical strategies that need to be followed by the researchers in order to ensure full authenticity of the final work that can be used for future references. Research Philosophy There are general two types of research philosophy that can be followed for any of the given research work. The positivism philosophy is believed to be exam the real facts and evidence that are directly related to the research problems. For this type of philosophy the investigators mostly depends on the primary forms of data collection (Sekaran and Bougie 2009). This is quite effective in making up of logical analysis that is ultimately needed to make up accurate conclusion. There is also the interpretivism philosophy that is needed to deal with the human perspective in the matter of any research project (Sarantakos 2012). The subject area of the chosen research work being related to employee stress out, it is important to choose the interpretivism philosophy. This will help to ensure that the researchers will get the detailed data related to the feedbacks of the employees. Here, it is also essential to apply the positivism philosophy that is needed to analyze the real facts about job stress and employee motivation. Research approach In the given research work the investigators can apply Inductive and deductive style of research approach. The deductive approach mainly aims to obtain knowledge from the existing information related to the research work. Essential data also collected from the literature review and past research work of the relevant research. On the other hand, there is also the inductive approach, which aims to identify new theories that are related to the research work. This will help to explain the new challenges and research problem (Quinlan 2011). For the given research work the investigators will approach for the deductive method, which will help to ensure that most of the important information related to the research work are properly analyzed in order to draw conclusions for the future. Researchers can also use the inductive theory in order to formulate new method to deal with the existing issues within the human resource management. Additional information can also weekend with the help of inductive approach. Research Design For choosing the Research Design there are three types of options available for the investigators. There is exploratory Research Design, where the researchers evaluate the given information without properly judging the negative and positive consequence of the same. On the other hand the exploratory Research Design only considers the psychological aspect (Bryman and Bell 2011). It is important to have a formal set of objective and Research question in order to apply both explanatory our exploratory Research Design. On the other hand, the descriptive research method analyses the internal consequence of the research problem and therefore aims to identify the root cause of the same (Quinlan 2011). For the given research work of occupational stress and workplace motivation choosing of descriptive Research Design will help to ensure then both positive and negative aspect of the research work are being evaluated. Descriptive Research Design will also analyze the relevant case studies related to human resource management. Sampling methods Choosing the proper sample is highly essential for all given research work in order to collect authentic and relevant data. In general, there are two types of sampling method that can be applied in every research word for proper data collection. While applying probability sampling method, the investigators choose the samples for the respondents of data collection in a random method from the chosen group of population. The major advantage of this type of Sampling is there is no chance of any form of biases that are being applied in the applied in data collection process. Moreover, the investigators get opportunity to collect data from wide diverse range of population (Saunders and Lewis 2012). There is also the method of non-probability sampling, where the source of Data Collection is being predetermined. Find the given research work, investigators will conduct survey from hundred respondents who are the employees worker across various sectors. Sample will be chosen in random method in order to ensure that there is no form of biasness and wide diverse range of data can be collected related to the experience of the employees in job stress. Research Strategy The research strategy of the project will be chosen based upon the research objectives and problem area (Taylor et al. 2015). For the given research work it will be appropriate to conduct both survey and interview in order to collect essential information related to employee feedback. This will help the investigators to get idea about the level of stress that are being encountered at the workplace. The interview data will be required in order to collect detail data from every experienced employee about their encounter in stress related activities. This can also help the researchers to get idea about the intervention strategies that are implemented to deal with high level of stress. Data collection methods There are two types of Data Collection method that can be employed in all type of research work. Primary research work the investigators collect the information directly from the sample through survey and interview (Palinkas et al. 2015). This data can be further analyzed using quantitative method, where numeric data are calculated using statistical tools and represented in the form of table charts or graphs. It is important to choose a particular population for the given mode of data analysis. The major advantage of primary data analysis is due to the fact that the investigator will get the opportunity to directly interact with the sample and get the latest information related to research project (Palinkas et al. 2015). In the given research work survey and interview will be collected from 100 employees across different sectors. This will help them to get idea about the latest consequence of stress and occupational Burnout experience of the workers across different sectors. It will also help to get idea about the sector, where most number of employees is experiencing work pressure and stress. There is also the case of secondary data collection, where most information is being collected from previously conducted research work. For this current project the investigator will collect data from the previously conducted research related to occupational stress and employee motivation. Ethical Issues As the current research work is related to human case, it is important to consider ethical issues that will help to ensure that the result of the research work is validated and can be used for future purpose. Proper consent also needs to be taken from the chosen sample, from where survey and interviewer being conducted. After the collected data is analyzed and published, the investigators need to ensure that the identity of the survey and the interview participants are kept anonymous. This will help to ensure that no private and classified information about any individual are leaked in the public domain (Mulvey 2015). Before final publishing of the data in the final research article the same has to be verified from proper authority. Hence, there will be no doubt about the authenticity of the information and can be used for future reference purpose. References Bryman, A. and Bell, E., 2015. Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA. De Gieter, S., Hofmans, J. and Bakker, A.B., 2017. Need Satisfaction at Work, Job Strain, and Performance: A Diary Study. Harms, P.D., Cred, M., Tynan, M., Leon, M. and Jeung, W., 2017. Leadership and stress: A meta-analytic review. The leadership quarterly, 28(1), pp.178-194. Karimi, L., Leggat, S.G., Donohue, L., Farrell, G. and Couper, G.E., 2014. Emotional rescue: The role of emotional intelligence and emotional labour on well?being and job?stress among community nurses. Journal of advanced nursing, 70(1), pp.176-186. Lim, W.M. and Ting, D.H., 2012. Research methodology: a toolkit of sampling and data analysis techniques for quantitative research. Mulvey, G.J., 2015. Ethics in research. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96(3), pp.477-479. Neuman, W.L. and Robson, K., 2014. Basics of social research. Pearson Canada. Palinkas, L.A., Horwitz, S.M., Green, C.A., Wisdom, J.P., Duan, N. and Hoagwood, K., 2015. Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method implementation research. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 42(5), pp.533-544. Panneerselvam, R., 2014. Research methodology. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Quinlan, C., 2011. Business Research Methods. Cengage Learning EMEA. Hampshire. Quinlan, C., 2011. Business Research Methods. 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